Electronic, or e-paper displays are a technology with reflective display. This technology mimics the appearance of ink on paper. However, these displays require very little power, since they reflect light rather than emit it.

It was first developed in the 1970s by Nich Sheridon at Xerox. These displays used in electronic readers, digital signage and even retail labels.

There are different types of displays: electrophoretic, electrowetting, and electrochromic. Electrophoretic or E ink contains microcapsules filled with clear fluid. In addition, electrowetting displays uses the liquid's surface tension. And the electrochromic uses a process where material changes color when applying an electric current.

Below are some advantages and disadvantages of e-paper displays.

Advantages

• Low Power - requires very little power to function; and their battery life is longer. Also, it's excellent for low power projects.
• Versatility - electronic papers are available in a different array of sizes depending on the purpose of it. For example, e-readers, displays, etc.
• Simplicity - it's paper like display makes it simple and easy to configure.
• Visibility - Electronic papers are anti-glare and displays just like reading a book. Also, it can be read in direct sunlight.
• Display - The e-paper can hold static images and text with very little power/battery.

Disadvantages

Also, there are disadvantages. Sometimes, an LCD or LED display are a better option.

• Slow to update - It's refresh rate is very low, so no advanced animation/transitions should be used.
• Limited software and memory - There are only few software libraries that support the e-paper and has very little memory.
• Lack of color - Additional colors are hard to implement; only black and gray.
• Visibility - Cannot be used in the dark.

In conclusion, e-paper technology is a great alternative for simple displays such as price labels, real-time schedules, and other simple displays.